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Bengali Buddhists are Buddhists of Bengali ethnic and linguistic identity. They commonly refer to the Barua community in southeastern Bangladesh. Bengali Buddhists constitute 35% of the Buddhist population in Bangladesh. Buddhism has a rich ancient heritage in the Bengal. The region was a bastion of the ancient Buddhist Mauryan and Palan empires. South-eastern Bengal was ruled by the medieval Buddhist Kingdom of Mrauk U during the 16th and 17th centuries. The British Raj influenced the emergence of modern community. Today, Bengali Buddhists are followers of orthodox Therevada Buddhism. ==History== Ancient Bengal was a center of Buddhist learning, art and imperialism. Buddhist artifacts have been excavated throughout the region, particularly in Wari-Bateshwar, Chandraketugarh, Paharpur, Mahasthangarh and Mainamati. The Mauryan Empire led by Ashoka extended its suzerainty to the region in the 2nd century BCE. Ashoka played an important role in propagating Buddhism in his own empire and the wider ancient world.〔Jerry Bentley, Old World Encounters: Cross-Cultural Contacts and Exchanges in Pre-Modern Times (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993), 46.〕 Mauryan rule was succeeded by the Buddhist Samatata maritime kingdom in Bengal. Successive Buddhist powers tussled for dominance with Hindu and Jain kings in the Indian subcontinent. The Bengali Buddhist Pala Empire arose during the 8th century. Founded by the election of Buddhist chieftain Gopala circa 750 CE, the empire grew into one of the largest imperial powers in classical Asia. The Palas promoted Mahayana and Tantric Buddhism. They patronized the creation of many outstanding temples, monasteries and works of art. The Palas enjoyed strong relations with the Abbasid Caliphate, the Tibetan Empire and the Srivijaya Empire. The empire reached its peak under Dharmapala and Devapala. They reigned for four centuries until being replaced by the resurgent Hindu Sena dynasty. Brahmin persecution played a key role in the decline of Buddhism in India; followed by later Muslim conquest.〔http://www.bmri.org.uk/articles/pre-islam_bengal_society.pdf〕 Remnants of Buddhist communities continued to flourish in southeastern Bengal. The Buddhist Kingdom of Mrauk U ruled the region during the 16th and 17th centuries. By the late 18th-century, the region was ceded to the British Empire. Bengali Buddhists benefited from Western education during the British Raj in the early-20th century.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Opinion - A glimpse of Buddhism in ancient Bangladesh )〕 Professor Benimadhab Barua (1888-1948) was the first Asian to receive a Doctor of Letters degree from the University of London.〔 Bengali Buddhist activists and guerrillas were also active in the Bangladesh Liberation War. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bengali Buddhists」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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